Status Report


A status report is a comprehensive technical document that compiles and analyzes the best available information on a wildlife species' status in Canada.

Wildlife species assessment


List of wildlife species, upcoming assessments, most recent assessment results.

News and events


Calls for expression of interest, calls for bids, upcoming meetings, press releases, response to referrals.

Last updated June 21, 2023

On this page

ATK Source Report (65)

Grizzly Bear Coho Bees and Berries
Butternut Narwhal Gooseneck Barnacle
Carey Small Limestone Moss River Redhorse Greater Sage Grouse
Caribou Rusty Blackbird Northern Abalone
Haida Gwaii Slug Ash species Short-eared Owl
Plains Bison and Wood Burrowing Owl Snapping Turtle
Steller Sea Lion Cherry Birch Western Chorus Frog
Athabasca Rainbow Trout Harbour Porpoise American Eel
Atlantic Walrus Ivory Gull Eulachon
Blue Ash Lady Beetle species Muskox
Cassin's Auklet Lake Sturgeon (DUI-4) Greenland Shark
Eastern Box Turtle Lake Sturgeon (DU5-8) Bat Species Bundle
Fraser River Sockeye Ringed Seal Shorebird Species Bundle
Green Sturgeon Western Painted Turtle Steelhead (Fraser River
Grey Whale Westslope Cutthroat Trout Steelhead (other DUs)
Mormon Metalmark & host Snow Buckwheat Eastern Flowering Dogwood Atlantic Salmon (16 DJs)
Shortjaw Cisco Great Basin Spadefoot Atlantic cod (6 Di-Js)
Spotted Turtle Polar Bear Killer Whale
White Sturgeon Ross's Gull White Sturgeon (4 DJs)
Wolverine Sea Otter Striped Bass (3 DIJs)
Beluga Whale Wood Turtle White Birch and Black Spruce Bundle
Chinook Salmon Bowhead Whale  

ATK Assessment Report (19)

Grizzly Bear
Atlantic Walrus
Caribou
Fraser River Sockeye Salmon
Plains Bison and Wood Bison
Wolverine
Beluga Whale
Caribou update (to include only DU 1,2,3,4,10, and 12)
Chinook Salmon
Lake Sturgeon
Narwhal
Black Ash
Polar Bear
Bowhead Whale
Killer whale
American Eel
Eulachon
Steelhead (Fraser River drainage basin)
Steelhead (other DUs)

ATK Gathering Report (6)

Dolly Varden*
Chinook Salmon
Steelhead (Secwepemc territory)
Steelhead (Nlak'apamux Nation traditional territory)
Grizzly Bear
Steelhead (other DUs)

ATK Special Report (5)

Beluga Whale (DU Report)
Lake Sturgeon (Gap Analysis)
Pacific Salmon (Methodology Report)
Elder Circle (NS)
Elder Circle (NB and PE)

Answers to some frequently asked questions about ATK and its assessment process.

COSEWIC Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge subcommittee (ATK subcommittee), its role in the assessment process, and ATK itself

  • Since the perspective from ATK holders can be different from a science perspective, there is the potential for ATK information to differ from other information used in the COSEWIC assessment process. However, having both perspectives will undoubtedly provide a better vision or understanding of the wildlife species and why it may be at risk.
  • There are a great number of species in Canada and COSEWIC has already assessed a number of them. As of June 2013, COSEWIC has determined that 676 wildlife species (or wildlife species units i.e. subspecies, populations, designatable units) are at risk. At any given time, a limited number of species or species units are in the process of being assessed, see Status Reports in progress. If you hold ATK that is relevant to COSEWIC’s assessment criteria, you can contact the ATK Subcommittee by sending an e-mail to This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.. Please include your name, contact information, and the species you are referring to.
  • National Aboriginal Organizations (Assembly of First Nations, Métis National Council, Native Women’s Association of Canada, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, and Congress of Aboriginal Peoples) are asked to provide nominations to the Minister of Environment. The ATK Subcommittee members are appointed by the Minister, as is the case with COSEWIC members, to speak independently of their organizations. ATK SC members are selected for their expertise about ATK and wildlife, and do not represent their organization, employer, Aboriginal group or the geographic area from which they come.
    Two Co-chairs of the ATK Subcommittee are selected by the Subcommittee members from within its membership. The ATK SC Co-chairs are also nominated by the Minister to COSEWIC. To see a current list of ATK Subcommittee members.
  • The ATK Subcommittee reviews each species that COSEWIC will be assessing. Due to limited resources and availability of ATK, only a portion of those species will have extensive efforts for the inclusion of ATK. In the ATK process, the ATK Subcommittee will first search for publically available documented ATK that is suitable and relevant to the COSEWIC assessment process. The ATK Subcommittee may consider further pursuit of non-documented and non-publically available ATK as resources permit.
  • The inclusion of ATK in species assessment is required under the Species at Risk Act, and is a recognition of the importance of the complex and unique knowledge systems held by Aboriginal Peoples. Bringing together ATK and science knowledge benefits species by increasing the knowledge we have about a species which allows a more accurate COSEWIC assessment.
  • Aboriginal Peoples have a holistic perspective regarding species conservation and the ecosystems in which they live. However, currently the Species at Risk Act only allows for the assessment of species and not ecosystems.
  • There are 31 votes on COSEWIC. While there is only 1 ATK Subcommittee vote on COSEWIC, it is the ATK Subcommittee’s job to ensure that the best available ATK is brought to the table for consideration. Furthermore, COSEWIC functions and votes using the collective body of available information – ATK, science, and community knowledge.
  • You can find COSEWIC Status Reports on the Species at Risk Act (SARA) registry then click on “Assessments”. Only reports for completed assessments are provided.
  • Aboriginal Elders and ATK Holders may have information that would benefit COSEWIC’s understanding of a particular species, their habitats or ecosystems, and threats. The COSEWIC ATK Subcommittee encourages community efforts to gather, preserve, and record ATK. For species undergoing a COSEWIC assessment, or if there are species which a community is concerned about, then the community may wish to share that ATK for the benefit of a species. The ATK Subcommittee can be reached by e-mailing This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
  • To assess whether a species is at risk of becoming extinct or extirpated from Canada, COSEWIC uses species information gathered from various sources such as ATK, science and community knowledge. Only the ATK pertaining to population size and trends, distribution range and trends, biology and threats are used in the COSEWIC Status Report. The ATK Subcommittee is the gatekeeper of all ATK and ensures that no information related to spiritual or cultural use of a species is shared in the COSEWIC Status Report. (see COSEWIC assessment process)
  • In the COSEWIC assessment process, ATK is reviewed by the ATK Subcommittee to ensure that only ATK that is relevant to the COSEWIC assessment process is included. ATK is also reviewed to ensure that it is properly and accurately integrated into and cited in COSEWIC Status Reports.
  • COSEWIC considers unsolicited status reports from any member of the public when accompanied by an application for wildlife species assessment. For more information see preparing status reports.
  • The guidelines were produced by the ATK Subcommittee with support from the COSEWIC Secretariat, and are based on a series of workshops with Aboriginal Elders and ATK Holders held in 2009 and 2010 from across Canada. The guidelines document is considered to be a living document and will be expanded, updated or revised as needed and serves to guide how COSEWIC will access and integrate ATK gathered from knowledge holders and elders in collaboration with their communities.
  • COSEWIC is a non-government, independent body that provides a recommendation on species status. There is no formal requirement under the Species at Risk Act for COSEWIC to carry out consultation as part of its assessment process.
  • The Species at Risk Act states that: 15(2) COSEWIC must carry out its functions on the basis of the best available information on the biological status of a species, including scientific knowledge, community knowledge and aboriginal traditional knowledge.
  • The ATK Subcommittee meets one or more times per year. When meeting locations and dates are confirmed, they are posted on COSEWIC’s “COSEWIC news and events” webpage. To attend as an observer, you must receive permission from one of the ATK Subcommittee Co-chairs. You can request permission by e-mailing This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
  • ATK may not have been available for inclusion into the Status Report at the time of production, or it was determined by the ATK Subcommittee that the ATK which was available was not pertinent to the COSEWIC Assessment Criteria.
  • If you are an Aboriginal person with expertise in ATK, biology or ecology, you can express your interest to the ATK Subcommittee Co-chairs by e-mailing This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.. You can also review the COSEWIC website as periodically there are calls for contractors to produce a Status Report and for calls to become members of COSEWIC and members of a species specialist subcommittee.

Last updated April 16, 2026

Dr. Jeannette Armstrong

Jeannette Armstrong, Associate Professor in Indigenous Studies, is Syilx Okanagan. As an award-winning writer and activist, novelist and poet she has always sought to change deeply biased misconceptions related to Indigenous people. She is the recipient of the George Woodcock Lifetime Achievement Award for Literature. Her research in Indigenous philosophies and Okanagan Syilx thought and environmental ethics coded into Syilx oral literatures has been recognized locally and globally. She collaborates with Salish speaking groups to re-establish Indigenous languages, historical relationships, food resource ceremonies through gatherings, trading and protections of water and land practices. She is a recipient of the Eco Trust USA Buffett Award in Indigenous Leadership and serves on Canada’s Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge Subcommittee of Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC).

Dan Benoit

Dan Benoit is a Manitoba Métis from the Red River Settlement area and a member of the Métis Nation. He has spent most of his life living near his ancestor's Red River Lot in St. Norbert Parish, at the family farm near Seven Sisters Falls, MB, and most recently in the small Metis Village of St. Laurent, MB.
Like many Métis, Dan has been raised in the traditions and culture of his People including their special relationship and stewardship with the land and water. Dan is a farmer, hunter, trapper and fisherman, and continues to exercise these traditions and pass them along to others. He believes it is essential to preserve traditional Métis culture and lifestyle while being in harmony with the land. Dan formerly operated his family's traditional, turn of the century Métis farm, with most of the buildings and equipment dating to pre-1900s. The animals and vegetable crops found on the farm are those that were found in the early Red River Settlement circa 1820s. He was also a member of the Métis Horticultural Heritage Society, and is keenly interested in preserving agricultural heritage species and biodiversity. Dan has more than 10 years post-secondary education and has various degrees, diplomas and certificates in Natural Resources Management, Ecology and water and wastewater management from University College of the North, Red River College, University of Ottawa, and the University of Manitoba. He has worked for both industry and all three levels of government in the natural resources and environment field. Dan has worked for Tolko Forest Industries, the Canadian Forest Service, Manitoba Conservation, and the Whitemouth River Conservation District, amongst others. Dan has also worked for the RCMP and the Canadian Forces as an Officer. In addition to his farm operation, he has 10 years of experience as a consultant to First Nations Bands and Northern Affairs Communities in Manitoba regarding community development, environment and hydro-electric generation issues, and has owned and operated an eco- and Aboriginal -tourism guiding business in Eastern and Northern Manitoba, and Northwestern Ontario.
Dan is a leader in the Metis Nation, both at a former political level (Vice Chair of the MMF Anola Metis Local), as well as formerly at the MMF, and was part of the Environment Committee of the MNC. Dan was manager for five years, in charge of the Agriculture, Environment, Hydro, and Natural Resources Portfolios at the Manitoba Métis Federation (MMF) supervising a multi-disciplinary province-wide team of fourteen staff, including helping create the MMF Metis Law of the Harvest. For the last 8 years, he has worked as an environmental scientist with the government.
Dan is intimately knowledgeable in many other facets of Métis cultural heritage and traditional knowledge relating to water and land issues. In fact, his community recognizes this, and the Métis National Council and the MMF have appointed him to various provincial, national and international forums to represent the Métis Nation's interests on environmental and Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge issues. Dan was formerly a member of the Manitoba East- Side Planning Initiative's Round Table, Co-Chair of the Manitoba Floodway Authority Community Outreach Panel, Environment Canada's Mining Sector Sustainability Table, Co-Chair of COSEWIC's ATK subcommittee, MNC National Research Strategy, MNC Environment Committee, MNC's CBD Canadian Delegate, MNC Post-Powley Multilateral Process and Mining Association of Canada's Towards Sustainable Mining (TSM) Community of Interest Panel, as well as Aquatic Habitat Canada. Mr. Benoit lives with his wife Beth, their son Fred and daughter Katie, between Winnipeg and the small Metis fishing village of St. Laurent, Manitoba on the south-east shore of Lake Manitoba.

Nathan Cardinal

Nathan Cardinal is Métis with roots in northern Alberta. As with many Métis, Nathan comes from a long line of people with strong relationships with the land and views his current work in conservation as a continued interpretation of those responsibilities. Nathan has a bachelor of science and a master of environmental studies, concentrating on Indigenous knowledge systems and species at risk. Nathan has worked for Parks Canada in various capacities since 2006, with the majority of his work focusing on supporting Indigenous leadership in conservation, including co-developing innovative restoration and conservation projects as well as supporting national policy programs. From 2020 to 2022, Nathan worked with the Nature Conservancy of Canada to help advance the organization’s strategic direction in building improved relationships with Indigenous nations and communities and supporting Indigenous-led conservation. Since 2004, Nathan has also supported COSEWIC with the preparation of different ATK-related studies and reports. Nathan has had the opportunity to work with First Nation, Métis and Inuit peoples, governments and organizations from coast to coast to coast at community, regional, or national scales. Nathan is a citizen of the Métis Nation of BC and participates as a member of MNBC's Environmental Advisory Committee.

Jason Dicker

Jason Dicker is an Inuk from Nain, Nunatsiavut. He is currently the Wildlife Manager for the Nunatsiavut Government. He works on various wildlife related files ranging from polar bear to caribou and to migratory birds. He sits on several committees across Canada also related to wildlife and Inuit governance.
In 2012, after completing a technical diploma in Northern Natural Resources at the College of the North Atlantic, Jason transferred to Memorial University, Grenfell Campus in Corner Brook, Newfoundland to complete his Bachelor of Arts degree in Environmental Studies and his Master of Arts in Environmental Policy. While working towards completion of his undergraduate degree, Jason began to focus his studies around his interest in wildlife management and wrote his capstone undergraduate paper on the caribou hunting ban in northern Labrador. Jason decided to continue this imperative topic at the graduate level where his research helped identify and better understood the impacts of the caribou hunting ban in the lives of Inuit in Nunatsiavut.
Jason graduated with his Masters degree with the help and advice from Dr. Stephen Decker. He completed his research in support of his thesis entitled “Using Integrated Resource Management and the Public Trust Doctrine to Examine Wildlife Management Practices in Northern Labrador: A case study on the George River Caribou Hunting Ban”.

Roger Gallant

Roger Gallant is a Mi'kmaq from western Newfoundland and is currently working as an environmental consultant. He has a M.Sc. in Environment and Management, a B.Sc. in Environmental Science and Biology, a Masters Certificate in Project Management, and a Bachelor of Education (Post-Secondary). During the past several years, Roger has conducted various research studies and traditional knowledge initiatives. He has been active in the conservation and recovery of species at risk in insular Newfoundland. Recent activities have focused on the monitoring of piping plover (Charadrius melodus melodus) and several other avian species at risk in western NL; determining banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) dispersal and habitat requirements in NL; monitoring American eel (Anguilla rostrata) migrations; documenting traditional eel harvest practices; and, preserving Mi'kmaq traditional knowledge on culturally important species.

Eliane Grant

Eliane Grant is an Eenou (Cree) from Waswanipi in Eeyou Istchee. She is a wildlife biologist and holds a master’s degree in ecology from the Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT); she is the director of the Department of Natural Resources for the Cree First Nation of Waswanipi, a visiting professor at the School of Indigenous Studies, and the coordinator of the Certificate program in Land Management in Indigenous Context (UQAT). Her work and research focus on land disturbances affecting cultural practices and wildlife species of interest to the Eeyouch (Cree), with an emphasis on the link between traditional knowledge and science. She also carries out various wildlife and environmental projects and assists land users during government consultations.

Neil Jones

Neil Jones is Anishinaabe from Ketegaunseebee (Garden River First Nation, Ontario). He currently serves as the Environmental Stewardship Senior Policy Advisor at Robinson Huron Waawiindamaagewin, a treaty association representing 21 First Nations in and around the Lake Huron region.
Neil brings over 25 years of experience with Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), where he worked on environmental research and policy, including the Species at Risk Act (SARA), the Fisheries Act (FA), and areas related to Indigenous Knowledge, Relationship, Engagement, Consultation, and UNDRIP.
He is a member of the Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge Subcommittee of COSEWIC. His stewardship approaches reflect the teachings of the Knowledge Holders he’s been fortunate to know and work with, as well as the Dish with One Spoon and the two row wampum belts. Neil holds a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry and a Masters of Science in Biology.

Dr. Allyson Menzies

Allyson Menzies (she/her) was born and raised in Treaty 2 territory and is of Métis and settler ancestry. Her connection to land and wildlife was shaped through time spent on the prairies and continues to guide her work today. She now lives and works in Treaty 7 as an Assistant Professor at the University of Calgary. Her work focuses on community-based monitoring and the co-production of ecological knowledges to support the stewardship of culturally important species, including moose, geese, and bison, across central Canada. She works closely with Indigenous and non-academic partners to develop monitoring approaches and inform management decisions that are both scientifically rigorous and grounded in place, relationships, and local priorities. She approaches this work with a strong sense of responsibility to her own ancestors and to the Peoples whose lands she lives and works on, and whose relationships with these species long predate her own.

Appendix 3: Examples of ethics review resources

  • Guidelines for Scientific Activities in Northern Canada, DIAND, 1976
  • Ethical Principles for the conduct of research in the North, 1982
  • Dene Nation: participatory research process for Dene/Metis communities, 1993
  • ITK background paper on negotiating research relationships, 1994
  • Kahnawake Code of Research Ethics, 1997
  • James Bay Cree Board of H&SS, code of research ethics, 2001
  • Tri-Council Policy Statement (MRC, NSERC and SSHRC 1998)
  • Ethical Principles for the Conduct of Research in the North (ACUNS 1998)

Appendix 2: Examples of Aboriginal protocols resources

Alberta Traditional Knowledge Handbook

West Kitikmeot/Slave Study (WKSS)
A set of guidelines for researching Aboriginal Knowledge was developed by the study for these projects: Tuktu & Nogak Project, Caribou Migration and the State of their Habitat, The Habitat of Dogrib Traditional Territory: Place names as Indicators of Biogeographical Knowledge and TK Study on Community Health.

The Convention on Biological Diversity - source for multiple documents on guidelines and protocol development

Government of Northwest Territories (GNWT) Traditional Knowledge policy

Gwich'in Social and Cultural Institute (GSCI) - Gwich'in Traditional Knowledge Policy and Research Guidelines and a Research Agreement Framework

Building Relations with First Nations: A Handbook for Local Governments – by the Union of BC Municipalities and the Lower Mainland Treaty Advisory Committee (PDF)

Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (PDF)

Mackenzie Valley Impact Review Board (PDF)

Gwich'in Environmental Knowledge Project

The Inuit Bowhead Knowledge Study - by Nunavut Wildlife Management Board

Links to international sites for policy development (see Australia and New Zealand, etc.) – by the Panel on Research Ethics

Mi’kmaw Research Principles & Protocols – by the Mi'kmaq College Institute of Cape Breton University

Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment, (1996) . Protocol For Review of Environmental and Scientific Research Proposals

Protocols and Principles for Conducting Research in an Indigenous Context. University of Victoria, Faculty of Human and Social Development

Emery, A.R., 2000. Guidelines: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge in Project Planning and Implementation. Prepared by KIVU Inc. for the World Bank and the Canadian International Development Agency.

Management of Social Transformation Programme and Centre for International Research and Advisory Networks Best Practices on Indigenous Knowledge.

Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Industry Canada Intellectual Property and Aboriginal People: A Working Paper. (PDF)

Hansen, S.A. and J.W. Van Fleet, 2003. Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property: A Handbook on Issues and Options for Traditional Knowledge Holders in Protecting their Intellectual Property and Maintaining Biological Diversity. Prepared for the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Marles, R. J., C. Clavelle, L. Monteleone, N. Tays and D. Burns. 2000. Aboriginal Plant Use in Canada’s Northwest Boreal Forest. Natural Resources Canada. 368 pp.
Note: This is a book that summarizes the uses of plants in the Northwest; it is useful because it provides a detailed introduction on the collection of ATK (in the broader sense) from Aboriginal Groups and demonstrates one way to handle “verifiability” of the individuals that communicated the information.

BC Metis Assembly of Natural Resources. 2009. Metis Nation British Columbia Consultation Guidebook. (PDF)

Assembly of First Nations. 2007. OCAP - Ownership, Control, Access and Possession, First Nations Inherent Right to Govern First Nations data (PDF)

Assembly of First Nations. 2009. Environmental Stewardship Unit. Ethics in First Nations Research. (PDF)

About us

The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) is an independent advisory panel to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada that meets twice a year to assess the status of wildlife species at risk of extinction. Members are wildlife biology experts from academia, government, non-governmental organizations and the private sector responsible for designating wildlife species in danger of disappearing from Canada.

COSEWIC secretariat

Canadian Wildlife Service
Environment and Climate Change Canada
351 St. Joseph Blvd
Gatineau QC K1A 0H3

Email: cosewic-cosepac@ec.gc.ca